Analysis of the Education System in Indonesia: A Systemic Approach to Assess the Relationship Between Education Policy, Facilities, and Student Performance
Keywords:
Educational policies, school facilities, student performance, Indonesia, systemic analysis, education reform, infrastructure, teacher quality, academic achievement, educational outcomesAbstract
This research aims to analyze the systemic relationship between educational policies, school facilities, and student performance in Indonesia. Using a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods, the study examines how government policies impact the quality of school facilities and, in turn, how these factors influence student academic outcomes. Data were collected through surveys, interviews, and observations across a sample of 20 high schools in both urban and rural areas of Indonesia. The study found that educational policies and school facilities have a significant positive impact on student performance. Specifically, the average student performance was 72.50%, with a 10.20% standard deviation, indicating moderate variation in outcomes. The correlation between school facilities and student performance was particularly strong, with a Pearson coefficient of 0.72 (p-value = 0.000), suggesting that better facilities lead to higher student achievement. Furthermore, educational policies had a moderate positive correlation with student performance (0.55, p-value = 0.003). A multiple regression analysis showed that both educational policies and school facilities are key predictors of student performance, with a model indicating that for every unit increase in facilities, student performance increased by 0.65 units. The regression model predicted that improving both school policies and facilities could lead to a performance increase of up to 85% in optimal conditions, compared to the lowest observed performance of 60%. The results underscore the need for a holistic approach in reforming the education system, where both policies and school infrastructure are aligned to enhance the overall learning environment. This research contributes to the understanding of how interconnected factors in the education system work together to improve student outcomes in Indonesia.
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